Kazakhstan will ban fuel exports to the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), it has announced, to try and prevent fuel smuggling. President Tokayev had commented smuggling was happening because of lower fuel prices in Kazazkhstan, compared to neighboring countries. Meanwhile, the Kazakh energy minister has said the country may seek to increase its holdings in major oil ventures, when oil field contracts expire. The country’s largest oil developments are Tengiz, Kashagan, and Karachaganak, for which contracts will expire in 2033, 2041, and 2037, respectively.