Vietnam set an ambitious growth target of 10% annually and per capita income of USD 8,500 by 2030, according to a Finance Ministry report. Achieving this requires significant surges in public and private investment as well as FDI, alongside productivity gains, with total factor productivity needing to contribute over 50% to growth. Risks cited include excessive public spending crowding out the private sector, weak household consumption, a fiscal deficit averaging 5% of GDP, and inflation pressures potentially above the 4-4.5% target. Energy supply was also flagged as critical, with power demand expected to rise up to 1.6 times faster than GDP growth.