Azerbaijan boosted gas exports in Q1 2025, led by Turkey (39.3% share), followed by Italy (38.8%) and Georgia (12%). Serbia increased its imports nearly 8-fold, and Georgia by 70%. Overall export value to Turkey fell 8.7% YoY despite higher volumes. Kazakhstan’s daily oil output fell 4% in May vs April, driven by lower production at Tengiz field. Output stood at 1.748 mln bpd, still exceeding its 1.486 mln bpd OPEC+ quota. Tengizchevroil, led by Chevron, cut its output from 885,000 to 813,200 bpd.